Geminiviruses for biotechnology: the art of parasite taming

ConferenciaViruses are intracellular pathogens that have evolved efficient strategies for replication and expression of their proteins in the host cells. Geminiviruses – plant viruses with small circular single-stranded DNA genomes – effectively manipulate plant cell processes for viral functions, entailing great potential for biotechnological applications. This potentiality has been realized in the form of protein expression and gene-silencing vectors, and, more recently, vectors for genome editing – a technology that these viruses seem particularly well-suited to facilitate. This insight offers an overview of the biological properties of geminiviruses, with emphasis on those leveraging development of geminivirus-based replicons. It illustrates the basis for engineering geminivirus-based replicons and their applications. Furthermore, it discusses the reported use and future perspectives of geminivirus-based replicons for genome editing.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Didactic strategy for the learning of the history and the theory of the architecture

The article approaches the subject from to theoretical point of view of the teaching processes - learning starting from the pattern of self-structuring that centers the exercise of construction of the knowledge, making of this to significant experience that strengthens in the so much student their intellectual development, ace their self-esteem, the approach and the autonomy. Apparent the importance of approaching the learning of the different components of the architecture in an integral way, for that which the history and the theory play like half of understanding and reflection of the processes and projectual systems in the time and, the later deconstruction of the same ones, for the sake of creative retrials. For this it outlines as tools the analysis of relating and the study of the types and their respective variations like formal structure, determined by different historical contexts. It supplements the didactics through tools that the formation of the argument and the critic favor as fundamental scenarios for this processesEn este artículo se abordan, desde una aproximación teórica, los procesos de enseñanza-aprendizaje a partir del modelo autoestructurante, que centra el ejercicio de construcción del conocimiento, haciendo de este una experiencia significativa que fortalece en el estudiante tanto su desarrollo intelectual, como su autoestima, el criterio y la autonomía. Se manifiesta la importancia de abordar el aprendizaje de los diferentes componentes de la arquitectura de manera integral, para lo cual la historia y la teoría actúan como medios de comprensión y reflexión de los procesos y sistemas proyectuales en el tiempo, y la posterior deconstrucción de los mismos, en aras de nuevos procesos creativos. Para esto plantea como herramientas el análisis de referentes y el estudio de los tipos y sus respectivas variaciones como estructura formal, determinadas por diferentes contextos históricos. Complementa la didáctica a través de herramientas que favorecen la formación de la argumentación y la crítica como escenarios fundamentales para dichos proceso

Collective imaginaries and social representations in the form of dwelling in urban spaces. Pardo Rubio and Rincón de Suba neighborhoods

En este artículo se plantea la relación existente entre los imaginarios colectivos, las representaciones sociales, el lenguaje y el espacio urbano, partiendo de este último como el escenario en el que por excelencia el hombre construye las relaciones sociales que dan como fruto la cultura. Igualmente, presenta los imaginarios y las representaciones como manifestaciones de las mentalidades y las ideologías. Pone en escena los barrios Pardo Rubio y Rincón de Suba para evidenciar en ellos las diversas expresiones, que como representación de los imaginarios de sus respectivos contenidos sociales construyen sus costumbres, sus hábitos y su historiaThis article is about the existent relationships among the collective imaginaries, the social representations, the language and the urban space. As the scenario in which man par excellence builds the social relationships that give origin to culture. Equally, it presents the imaginaries and the representations like manifestations of the mentalities and the ideologies. It puts in scene the Pardo Rubio neighborhoods and Rincón de Suba to evidence in them the diverse expressions that as representation of the imaginaries of their respective social milieus build their customs, their habits and their histor

La narrativa hipermedia: los relatos del siglo XXI

Conferencias y Comunicaciones del primer Congreso Internacional de literatura fantástica y ciencia ficción, celebrado del 6 al 9 de mayo de 2008 en la Universidad Carlos III de Madri

Lo que es objetivo hoy puede no serlo mañana: entrevista con Paolo Fabbri

Publicad

Discerning the relationship between geminiviral infection and vesicle trafficking using virus induced gene silencing

Tomato yellow leaf curl disease is one of the most important threats to tomato crops worldwide. One of its causal agents, Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinian virus (TYLCSV) is a monopartite member of the genus Begomovirus from the family Geminiviridae. Due to the few proteins encoded by their viral genome, geminiviruses rely heavily on host cellular machineries and interact with a wide range of plant proteins to complete all processes required for infection, such as viral replication, movement and suppression or evasion of plant defence mechanisms. The identification of the host proteins involved in viral infection will be an important step towards the understanding of the mechanisms underlying this process. In our laboratory, transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana plants containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression cassette flanked by two direct repeats of the intergenic region of TYLCSV have been constructed (2IR plants). When these plants are infected with TYLCSV, an overexpression of the reporter gene is observed in those cells where the virus is actively replicating. These plants have been used together with virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) in an effort to identify host genes involved in the infection process using a reverse genetics approach. Using this combined technique our group has identified two genes δ-COP and ARF 1, involved in retrograde vesicle trafficking, which are essential for the infectious process. We are currently assaying genes codifying proteins involved in different pathways of the vesicle trafficking system: Sar1b, γ subunit of AP1, Sec24, SYT1 and two that encode the heavy chain of triskelion proteins. Their effect over viral infection will be presented and discussedUniversidad de Málaga. Campues de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Identifying the function of vesicle trafficking in geminiviral infection using virus induced gene silencing

Tomato yellow leaf curl Sardinian virus (TYLCSV) is one of the causal agent of the tomato yel-low leaf curl disease, one of the most important threats to tomato crops worldwide. TYLCSV is a monopartite member of the genus Begomovirus from the family Geminiviridae. To carry out a full infection, geminiviruses need to move inside the infected cell and from one cell to an-other for which they depend on diverse cellular factors. While cell-to-cell movement has been described to occur through plasmodesmata, the way in which geminiviruses move inside the host cells is yet unknown. The identification of the host proteins involved in viral infection will be an important step to-wards the understanding of the mechanisms underlying this process. In our laboratory, trans-genic Nicotianabenthamiana plants containing a green fluorescent protein (GFP) expression cassette flanked by two direct repeats of the intergenic region of TYLCSV have been construct-ed (2IR plants). When these plants are infected with TYLCSV, an overexpression of the reporter gene is observed in those cells where the virus replicates. These plants have been used to-gether with virus induced gene silencing (VIGS) in an effort to identify host genes involved in the infection process using a reverse genetics approach. Using this combined technique our group has identified two genes δ-COP and ARF 1, involved in retrograde vesicle trafficking, which are essential for the infectious process. We are current-ly assaying genes codifying proteins involved in different pathways of the vesicle trafficking system: Sar1b, γ subunit of AP1, Sec24, SYT1 and two that encode the heavy chain of triskelion proteins. Their effect over virus infection will be presented and discussed.Universidad de Málaga. Campus de Excelencia Internacional Andalucía Tech

Can fundamentals explain cross-country correlations of asset returns?

Previous studies show that existing correlations between national returns are higher than correlations between the national growth rates of fundamental variables. This paper examines the ability of intertemporal asset pricing models to explain crosscountry correlations of national returns. We find that when capital markets are assumed to be fully integrated, a simple intertemporal general equilibrium model is able to explain the observed co variability of domestic asset returns but generates too little variability in those returns. Results improve considerably if a less restrictive version is employed. In that setting, both domestic variability and cross country co variability of returns are consistent with capital market integration

Sarcopenia en pacientes con depresión mayor: prevalencia y factores asociados

La Sarcopenia es una patología plurietiológica que compromete masa muscular, fuerza y funcionalidad. Este estudio investigó a pacientes con Depresión mayor, en quienes buscó determinar la prevalencia de Sarcopenia y la asociación de esta con tiempo de depresión, género, estado nutricional y comorbilidades concomitantes. Se realizó un estudio transversal, observacional y analítico, en la Unidad de Psiquiatría del Hospital Víctor Lazarte Echegaray – EsSalud, entre los meses de marzo a noviembre del 2019. Durante este periodo, se evaluaron 109 pacientes con Depresión mayor pero solo 51 cumplían criterios de Sarcopenia, siendo la prevalencia de esta 46.79%. Al estratificar por grado de Sarcopenia, predominó el tipo severo. Con relación a los componentes evaluados de Sarcopenia, el promedio de fuerza de agarre medida por dinamómetro, fue de 21.51kg en varones y 12.13 kg, en mujeres. El promedio de la velocidad de marcha fue de 0.74 m/s en varones y 0.69 m/s, en mujeres y el índice de masa muscular esquelética fue de 8.6 kg/m2 en varones y 6. 45kg/m2 , en mujeres. Se encontró asociación entre Sarcopenia y tiempo de Depresión mayor, índice de masa corporal alterado y tener al menos dos comorbilidades concomitantes.Sarcopenia is a multi-etiological pathology that compromises muscle mass, strength, and functionality. This study investigated patients with Major Depression, in whom he sought to determine the prevalence and association of Sarcopenia with time of depression, gender, nutritional status and concomitant comorbidities. A cross sectional, observational, and analytical study was carried out in the Psychiatry Unit of the Victor Lazarte Echegaray – EsSalud Hospital, between March and November 2019. During this period, 109 patients with major depression were evaluated and of these, 51 met Sarcopenia criteria, with prevalence of 46.79%. By stratifying by degree of Sarcopenia, the severe type prevailed. In relation to the evaluated components of Sarcopenia, the average grip strength measured per dynamometer was 21.51kg in males and 12.13 kg in women. The average walking speed was 0.74 m/s in males and 0.69 m/s, in women and the skeletal muscle mass index was 8.6 kg/m2 in males and 6. 45kg/m2, in women. Association was found between Sarcopenia and major depression time of diagnosis, altered body mass index, and having at least two concomitant comorbidities.Tesi